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Grading student work can take up countless hours for teachers,especially when assignments call for deep thinking,explanations,(A)31.Whatisthebesttitleforthe text?or scientificmodeling.However,a new study suggests that artificialintelligence(Al)couldhelpease thatburden.A.GradingwithAI:MoreEfficient,Theresearch was ledby XiaomingZhai,from the University ofGeorgia'sMaryFrancesEarlyCollegeofEducation.ThestudyexploresbutNotSmarterhowwellLargeLanguageModels（LLMs),anAI tool,canassessstudentworkcompared tohumangraders.B.TheRiseofAIAssessment:AThreatThestudy focusedonmiddleschool students’responses to scienceto Teachersquestions.Theresearch teamfedstudentanswers intoanLLMcalledMixtralandaskedit togradethem.ButunlikemostAIgradingstudiesC.HowLLMsHelpStudentswheretheAIis trainedusingexamplesofhuman-scoredanswers,thisstudy tookadifferentapproach.Here,Mixtral hadtocreateitsowngradingAutonomousLearningrubric（评分标准）andapplyit tostuidentwork.D.HowLLMsAreRevolutionizingTheresearchersfoundthatMixtralcouldgraderesponsesveryquicklHowever,ittendedtorelyonshortcuts,suchaslookingforspecifidadEducationalStandardsrelevant terms.TheAImightgivepointsto astudentsimplyformentioningrightterms,evenifthereasoningbehindtheanswerisunclearorincorrecThestudysuggests that LLMsneedbetterguidelinestomatchhumanInthewild，survivaloften dependsonmorethaninstinct（本能）.Itgradingstandards.The train has left the station,but it hasjust left therequiresknowledge-hard-wonandpasseddownwithinagroup.Amongstation”Zhai said.It meanswe still have a longway togowhen it comeselephants,thekeepers of thisknowledge and culture are the elders.Fortousing LLMs,andwestill need tofigure outwhichdirection togoin.centuries,they have guidedherds（象群）throughdroughts,danger,andOnekeydifferencebetweenhumangradersandLLMsishowtheymigration.Butin recent decades,this chainofwisdom hasbegun tobreak.handlecomplexor incomplete answers.LLMscan'treplace human gradersArecentstudyledbytheUniversityofPortsmouthrevealsacruelbecausetheyfail tolookforevidenceofclearthinking,accuratereasoningtruth:ashumansinterferewithelephant groups throughhunting,they areand consistent flow of ideas in an argument.not justremoving individuals.They are destroyingvital links betweenWhilecurrentLLMscanprocesslargebatches（t量）ofstudentworkgenerations.Elephantsgather aroundtheirelders,watchhowthey react toquickly,theystillneedbetterinstructionstodelivermeaningful feedbackMany teachers areinterested in usingAI tools to speed uproutine gradingunfamiliar situations,and copy their decisions.Thisbehavioris calledculture learning.The elders’memories stretch decades,filled with cuesRather than fully replacing human graders,the researchers suggest that（线索）about droughts,danger,and safe spaces.Younger elephants relyAIsystemsshould serve asassistants.This way,theymadeitpossible foron the elders to deal with life's challenges.If the elders arekilled,youngteachersto concentrate on tasks thatrequire humanjudgment,creativelephantsmaygraduallyfail tofindresourcesandmisjudgethreatsconnection.Orphanedgroupsthathavelosttheireldersmaybecomedangerouslyill-temperedandhavebeen documented attackingvehiclesandpeople.Inaddition tobehavioral changes,orphanedgroupsmayfailtointegrateinto(A)28.How doesMixtral assessstudentanswers?broadersocialnetworks.Elephantsocietiesarelayeredandcomplex.TheA.Bylookingforkeyinformation inthem.eldersoftenactasbridgesbetweentheselayers,maintainingstability andencouragingcooperation.When they aregone,thesocietybecomesweak,B.By comparing them with the rightexplainedDrBates,oneoftheresearchersPeoplesometimesmoveelephantstosaferareastoprotectthemfromanswers.huntingor habitatloss.But thestudy warns that this strategycanhaveunintendedconsequencesifsocial structureisnotconsidered.ElephantsC.By referring to human gradingthatarerelocatedwithouttheirkeysocialpartnersmayexperiencedisorientation,depression,andeven death.Removingoraddingindividualsstandards.withoutpreservingthewholerelationshipcancausemoreharm thangood.This studyprovidesa freshperspectiveonwhyelephant protectionD.By analyzing the process ofmustgo beyond numbers,said Graeme ShannonofBangor Universityexplanations.Itstresses theimportanceofprotectingrelationshipsandsocialroles.However,thisstudy still requiresmore samplestosupportitsfindings.Forexample,thecloseobservationofless-studiedspecieslikeforestandAsianelephantswhosesocial livesremainpoorly understood,ismuchneeded.C29.Whydoesthe authorquoteZhai in(C32.Whatdoweknowaboutelephantsparagraph5?culture learning?A.TocriticizethetrendofusingLLMs.A.It canbe trained byhumans.B. To stress the popularity of using LLMs.B.It can reflect elephants' instinct.C.Topoint out the limitations of LLMs.C.It can evolve intosurvival skills.D.To describe the importance of LLMs.D.It can help the elders make decisions.D)30.Why arehumangradersirreplaceableB)33.WhatdoesDrBates thinkoforphanedaccordingtothetext?groups?A.Theycangive timelyfeedback.A.Theyliketoworkwitheachother.B.They can offerreasonable advice.B.They tend tolackemotional control.C.They can identify man-made errors.C.They attempt to join other herds.D. They can recognize logical consistency.D.They try tomake the groups stable.4
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